Comprehensive evaluation of genetic and environmental factors influencing the plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity in a Japanese population

The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) metabolizes oxidized phospholipids, generating lysophosphatidylcholine. The activity of the enzyme is known to be influenced largely by a single-nucleotide polymorphism, G994T, in the Lp-PLA(2) gene. Interestingly, this polymorphism is much more prevalent in Japanese than Caucasians. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of the G994T, several environmental factors, and their interactions on the Lp-PLA(2) activity in a large Japanese cohort. Participants (1,110 males and 908 females) of a health-screening examination were recruited for this study. Genotyping of the G994T was done using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Lp-PLA(2) activity was measured using commercial kits. The minor allele (994T) frequency of the polymorphism was 0.17 in this study, which was consistent with previous reports. According to the multivariate linear regression analysis, the G994T was the most potent factor influencing the enzyme activity (standardized beta=0.76), followed by the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (standardized beta= 0.32) and the sex (standardized beta=0.13). The LDL-C level showed a significant interaction with the G994T genotype. By contrast, no significant interaction was observed between the LDL-C level and the sex. These observations should provide useful information for future clinical and epidemiological evaluations of the Lp-PLA(2) activity in cardiovascular diseases in Japanese.