期刊
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
卷 16, 期 6, 页码 1823-1838出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10531-006-9075-0
关键词
disturbance; drought; ENSO; figs; fires; Helarctos malayanus; Kalimantan; species diversity; tree mortality
Droughts and forest fires, induced by the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event, have increased considerably over the last decades affecting millions of hectares of rainforest. We investigated the effects of the 1997 - 1998 forest fires and drought, associated with an exceptionally severe ENSO event, on fruit species important in the diet of Malayan sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) in lowland dipterocarp forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. Densities of sun bear fruit trees (>= 10 cm DBH) were reduced by similar to 80%, from 167 +/- 41 (SD) fruit trees ha(-1) in unburned forest to 37 +/- 18 fruit trees ha(-1) in burned forest. Densities of hemi-epiphytic figs, one of the main fallback resources for sun bears during periods of food scarcity, declined by 95% in burned forest. Species diversity of sun bear food trees decreased by 44% in burned forest. Drought also affected sun bear fruit trees in unburned primary forest, with elevated mortality rates for the duration of 2 years, returning to levels reported as normal in region in the third year after the ENSO event. Mortality in unburned forest near the burn-edge was higher ( 25 +/- 5% of trees 10 cm DBH dead) than in the forest interior ( 14 +/- 5% of trees), indicating possible edge effects. Combined effects of fire and drought in burned primary forest resulted in an overall tree mortality of 78 +/- 11% (>= 10 cm DBH) 33 months after the fire event. Disturbance due to fires has resulted in a serious decline of fruit resources for sun bears and, due to the scale of fire damage, in a serious decline of prime sun bear habitat. Recovery of sun bear populations in these burned-over forests will depend on regeneration of the forest, its future species composition, and efforts to prevent subsequent fire events.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据