Detection of influenza viruses by a waveguide-mode sensor

Methods are demonstrated for antibody-based detection of influenza viruses using the monolithic-sensing-plate technology of an evanescent-field-coupled waveguide-mode sensor. To facilitate the detection of viruses at lower concentrations, a strategy of complexing the virus with Coomassie Brilliant Blue dye was used to amplify the signal. By applying this method, hemagglutinins from avian influenza virus (H5N1) and human influenza virus (A/Panama/2007/1999) were detected. An intact human influenza virus (A/Brisbane/59/2007) was also detected. The method is suitable for the detection of virulent viruses that may emerge at various stages of evolution.