期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 26, 期 11, 页码 2693-2706出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601722
关键词
cellular stress; gene expression; liver development; polyubiquitin; ubiquitin
UbC is one of two stress- inducible polyubiquitin genes in mammals and is thought to supplement the constitutive UbA genes in maintaining cellular ubiquitin ( Ub) levels during episodes of cellular stress. We have generated mice harboring a targeted disruption of the UbC gene. UbC (-/-) embryos die between embryonic days 12.5 and 14.5 in utero, most likely owing to a severe defect in liver cell proliferation. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts from UbC(-/-) embryos exhibit reduced growth rates, premature senescence, increased apoptosis and delayed cell-cycle progression, with slightly, but significantly, decreased steady-state Ub levels. UbC(-/-) fibroblasts are hypersensitive to proteasome inhibitors and heat shock, and unable to adequately increase Ub levels in response to these cellular stresses. Most, but not all of the UbC(-/-) phenotypes can be rescued by providing additional Ub from a poly hemagglutinin-tagged Ub minigene expressed from the Hprt locus. We propose that UbC is regulated by a process that senses Ub pool dynamics. These data establish that UbC constitutes an essential source of Ub during cell proliferation and stress that cannot be compensated by other Ub genes.
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