期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 16, 期 9, 页码 22584-22605出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922584
关键词
type 1 diabetes; T regulatory cells; programmed cell death 1-programmed cell death ligand 1
资金
- Italian Ministry of Health Grant Ricerca Corrente [201502P003496]
Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoreactive T cells that destroy pancreatic beta cells. Animal models suggested that a CD4(+)CD25(+) population has a regulatory function capable of preventing activation and effector functions of autoreactive T cells. However, the role of CD4(+)CD25(high) T cells in autoimmunity and their molecular mechanisms remain the subject of investigation. We therefore evaluated T regulatory cell frequencies and their PD-1 expression in the peripheral blood of long-standing diabetics under basal conditions and after CD3/CD28 stimulation. Under basal conditions, the percentages of T regulatory cells were significantly higher while that of T effector cells were significantly lower in patients than in controls. The ratio of regulatory to effector T cells was higher in patients than that in controls, suggesting that T regulatory cells were functional in patients. Percentages of total PD-1(+), PD-1(low) and PD-1(high) expressing T regulatory cells did not change in patients and in controls. After stimulation, a defect in T regulatory cell proliferation was observed in diabetics and the percentages of total PD-1(+), PD-1(low) and PD-1(high) expressing cells were lower in patients. Our data suggest a defective activation of T regulatory cells in long-standing diabetics due to a lower expression of PD-1 on their surface.
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