Generation of white light from oxy-fluoride nano-glass doped with Ho3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+

Thermal treatment at 480 degrees C for 40 h resulted in the precipitation of beta-PbF2 nano-crystals inside the oxy-fluoride glasses co-doped with Ho3+ Tm3+ and Yb3+. Generation of white light was achieved through the simultaneous blue, green and red up-converted emissions by pumping at 900 nm. Simulation of sunlight was most successfully achieved with pump power of similar to 150 mw. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.