Preparation and biological evaluation of 111In-, 177Lu- and 90Y-labeled DOTA analogues conjugated to B72.3

Three 1,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N' ,N,N'-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) analogues were evaluated for relative in vivo stability when radiolabeled with In-111,Y-90 and Lu-177 and conjugated to the monoclonal antibody B72.3. The DOTA analogues evaluated were NHS-DOTA [N-hydroxysuccinimdyl (NHS) group activating one carboxylate], Arm-DOTA' (also known as MeO-DOTA, with a p-NCS, o-MeO-benzyl moiety on the methylene group of one acetic acid arm) and Back-DOTA (with a p-NCS-benzyl moiety on a backbone methylene group of the macrocycle). The B72.3 was conjugated to the DOTA analogues to increase the retention time of the radioloabeled conjugates in vivo in mice. The serum stability of the various radiometalated DOTA conjugates showed them to have good stability out to 168 h (all > 95% except In-111-NHS-DOTA-B72.3, which was 91% stable). Hydroxyapatite stability for the In-111 and Lu-177 DOTA-conjugates was > 95% at 168 h, while the Y-90 DOTA-conjugates were somewhat less stable (between 90% and 95% at 168 h). The biodistribution studies of the radiometalated DOTA-conjugates showed that no significant differences were observed for the In-111 and Lu-177 analogues; however, the Y-90 analogues showed lower stabilities, as evidenced by their increased bone uptake relative to the other two [2-20% injected dose per gram (% ID/g) for Y-90 and 2-8% ID/g for In-111 and Lu-177]. The lower stability of the Y-90 analogues could be due to the higher beta energy of Y-90 and/or to the larger ionic radius of Y3+. Based on the bone uptake observed, the (177) Lu-NHS-DOTA-B72.3 had slightly lower stability than the Lu-177-Arm-DOTA-B72.3 and Lu-177-Back-DOTA-B72.3, but not significantly at all time points. For Y-90, the analogue showing the lowest stability based on bone uptake was Y-90-Arm-DOTA-B72.3, perhaps because of the metal's larger ionic radius and potential steric interactions minimizing effective complexation, The In-111 analogues all showed similar biological distributions at the various time points. This study suggests that care must be taken when evaluating Y-90-labeled antibodies and in using NHS-DOTA-antibody conjugates with Lu-177. All evaluations should be extended to time points relevant to the half-life of the radiometal and the therapy applications. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.