Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a non-AIDS patient:: high efficiency of combined cytarabine and cidofovir

Introduction. - Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system, occurring in immunocompromised patients. Treatment, not codified to date, is more often inefficient with a rapid and fatal deterioration. Case record. - A 48-year-old woman, treated with immunosuppressant agents for systemic lupus, presented with PML mimicking neurolupus flare. A complete remission was obtained with cytarabine and cidofovir. Conclusion. - Combined cytarabine and cidofovir appears a promising therapeutic option in PML associated with autoimmune systemic disorders. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits reserves.