期刊
PLOS BIOLOGY
卷 5, 期 7, 页码 1574-1586出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050156
关键词
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资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [T32 HD007409, T32 HD07409] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM08759, T32 GM065103, T32 GM008759, T32 GM142607] Funding Source: Medline
The adult human intestine contains trillions of bacteria, representing hundreds of species and thousands of subspecies. Little is known about the selective pressures that have shaped and are shaping this community's component species, which are dominated by members of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes divisions. To examine how the intestinal environment affects microbial genome evolution, we have sequenced the genomes of two members of the normal distal human gut microbiota, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides distasonis, and by comparison with the few other sequenced gut and non-gut Bacteroidetes, analyzed their niche and habitat adaptations. The results show that lateral gene transfer, mobile elements, and gene amplification have played important roles in affecting the ability of gut-dwelling Bacteroidetes to vary their cell surface, sense their environment, and harvest nutrient resources present in the distal intestine. Our findings show that these processes have been a driving force in the adaptation of Bacteroidetes to the distal gut environment, and emphasize the importance of considering the evolution of humans from an additional perspective, namely the evolution of our microbiomes.
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