Histone proteomics and the epigenetic regulation of nucleosome mobility

Chromatin structure plays a vital role in the transmission of heritable gene expression patterns. The recent application of mass spectrometry to histone biology provides several striking insights into chromatin regulation. The continuing identification of new histone postmodifications is revolutionizing the ways in which we think about how access to genomic DNA is controlled. While post-translational modifications of the flexible histone tails continue to be an active area of investigation, the recent discovery of multiple modifications in the structured globular domains of histones provides new insights into how nucleosome works. Recent experiments underscore the importance of a subgroup of modifications: those that regulate histone-DNA interactions on the lateral surface of nucleosome. This information highlights an emerging new paradigm in chromatin control, that of the epigenetic regulation of nucleosome mobility.