期刊
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
卷 403, 期 6, 页码 1523-1548出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6039-y
关键词
Metabolomics; Untargeted metabolite profiling; Sample preparation; Metabolism quenching; Solvent extraction; Ultrafiltration; In vivo sampling; Dried blood spots; Method development; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS); Mammalian cells; Tissue
The choice of sample-preparation method is extremely important in metabolomic studies because it affects both the observed metabolite content and biological interpretation of the data. An ideal sample-preparation method for global metabolomics should (i) be as non-selective as possible to ensure adequate depth of metabolite coverage; (ii) be simple and fast to prevent metabolite loss and/or degradation during the preparation procedure and enable high-throughput; (iii) be reproducible; and (iv) incorporate a metabolism-quenching step to represent true metabolome composition at the time of sampling. Despite its importance, sample preparation is often an overlooked aspect of metabolomics, so the focus of this review is to explore the role, challenges, and trends in sample preparation specifically within the context of global metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This review will cover the most common methods including solvent precipitation and extraction, solid-phase extraction and ultrafiltration, and discuss how to improve analytical quality and metabolite coverage in metabolomic studies of biofluids, tissues, and mammalian cells. Recent developments in this field will also be critically examined, including in vivo methods, turbulent-flow chromatography, and dried blood spot sampling.
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