期刊
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
卷 72, 期 -, 页码 S27-S35出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002383
关键词
renal proximal tubule; Na+/glucose cotransporter; alpha-MG; glucose; ANG II; EGF; ATP
资金
- National Research Foundation of Korea [핵06B3308, 2006-07535] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Glucose is a key fuel and an important metabolic substrate in mammals. Renal proximal tubular cells (PTCs) not only reabsorb filtered glucose but are also believed to play a role in the glucotoxicity associated with renal pathogenesis, such as in diabetes. The proximal tubule environment is where 90% of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed by the low-affinity/ high-capacity Na+/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and facilitated diffusion glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). Both active and facilitative glucose transporters have distinct distribution profiles along the proximal tubule related to their particular kinetic characteristics. A number of mechanisms contribute to the changes in the cellular functions, which occur in response to exposure to various endogenous factors. Hyperglycemia was reported to regulate the renal SGLT activities through the reactive oxygen species-nuclear factor-kappa B pathways, which suggests that the transcellular glucose uptake within the PTCs contribute to the development of diabetic-like nephropathy. Angiotensin II (ANG II) plays an important role in its development through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation. Therefore, a combination of high glucose, ANG II, and EGF are involved in diabetic-like nephropathy by regulating the SGLT activity. In addition, endogenously enhanced SGLTs have a cytoprotective function. The renal proximal tubules play a major role in regulating the plasma glucose levels, and there is increasing interest in the renal glucose transporters on account of their potential implications in the treatment of various conditions including diabetes mellitus.
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