Current role of LC-MS(/MS) in doping control

Liquid chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has revolutionized the detection assays used in doping control analysis over the last decade. New methods have enabled the determination of drugs that were formerly difficult to detect or undetectable at preceding sample concentrations, and complex and/or time-consuming procedures based on alternative chromatographic-mass spectrometric or immunochemical principles have been replaced by faster, more comprehensive and robust assays. A critical overview of the contributions of LC-MS(/MS) to sports drug testing is provided, including recent developments regarding low and high molecular weight drugs.