期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
卷 100, 期 3, 页码 518-523出版社
EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.03.055
关键词
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资金
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL070100, R01 HL060040-03, K24 HL004334-06, N01HC25195, HL60040, K24 HL004334-05, R01 HL077447-01A1, R01 HL060040-04, HL70100, R01 HL077447, K24 HL004334, R01 HL070100-01, R01 HL070100-04, R01 HL060040, N01-HC 25195, R01 HL070100-02, N01 HC025195, R01 HL070100-03, K24-HL-04334, K24 HL004334-07, R01 HL060040-02, R01 HL060040-01A1] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG028321-01, R01 AG028321, R01 AG028321-02] Funding Source: Medline
Multiple studies have documented an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in the winter, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. It was hypothesized that brachial flow and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) would vary by season and temperature. Season and temperature were related to ultrasonic brachial artery endotheliumdependent FMD% (n = 2,587), baseline flow velocity, and maximal reactive hyperemia (n = 1,973) in the Framingham Offspring Cohort (mean age 61 +/- 10 years, 53% women). Outdoor temperatures were obtained from National Climate Data Center records for Bedford, Massa-, chusetts (about 14 miles from the testing site), and the examination room temperature was measured. In multivariate models, FMD% was highest in summer and lowest in winter (3.01 +/- 0.09% vs 2.56 +/- 0.10%, respectively, p = 0.02 for differences across all 4 seasons). FMD% was highest in the warmest and lowest in the coldest outdoor-temperature quartiles. In stepwise models adjusting for risk factors and selecting among season, outdoor temperature, and room temperature, FMD% was associated with season (p = 0.02); temperature did not enter the model. In contrast, hyperemic flow velocity was significantly lower for cooler and higher for warmer room temperatures (p = 0.02 overall); season did not enter the model. Season and outdoor and room temperature were each retained in a stepwise model of baseline flow velocity (p < 0.0001, p = 0.02, and p < 0.0001, respectively). In conclusion, a significant association was observed between season and FMD%. Microvascular vasodilator function, as reflected by hyperemic flow velocity, was more strongly related to temperature than season. Endothelial dysfunction may be 1 of the mechanisms influencing seasonal variation in cardiovascular events. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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