期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 104, 期 39, 页码 15520-15525出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0707239104
关键词
birdsong; neurodegeneration; neuroprotection; plasticity; testosterone
资金
- NIDCD NIH HHS [T32 DC005361, T32-DC05361] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [5 T32 GM07108, T32 GM007108] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH053032, MH53032, MH66939, K02 MH066939] Funding Source: Medline
We analyzed how rapidly avian song control nuclei regress after testosterone (T) withdrawal. Regression of neuronal attributes resulting from T withdrawal has been observed in several animal models. The time course over which regression occurs is not known, however. To address this issue, we castrated adult male white-crowned sparrows and rapidly shifted them to short-day photoperiods after being held under breeding conditions (long-day photoperiod and systemic T exposure) for 3 weeks. We found that the volume of one song nucleus, HVC, regressed 22% within 12 h after T withdrawal. Changes in HVC neuron density after T withdrawal were dynamic; density increased at 12 h and then decreased by 4 days. HVC neuron number was reduced by 26% by 4 days. The volumes of Area X and the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) were significantly regressed by 7 and 20 days, respectively. RA somatic area and neuronal spacing were significantly reduced by 2 days. The rapidity of HVC regression is unprecedented among vertebrate models of hormone-sensitive neural circuits. These results reveal that the rapid regression of the song control system provides a model for the important role sex steroid hormones play in mediating adult neural plasticity and in neuroprotection.
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