期刊
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 93, 期 4, 页码 491-514出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.4.491
关键词
attribution; self-perception; social perception; social cognition
Traditional attribution theory conceptualizes explanations of behavior as referring to either dispositional or situational causes. An alternative approach, the folk-conceptual theory of behavior explanation, distinguishes multiple discrete modes of explanation and specific features within each mode. Because attribution theory and the folk-conceptual theory carve up behavior explanations in distinct ways, they offer very different predictions about actor-observer asymmetries. Six studies, varying in contexts and methodologies, pit the 2 sets of predictions against each other. There was no evidence for the traditional actor-observer hypothesis, but systematic support was found for the actor-observer asymmetries hypothesized by the folk-conceptual theory. The studies also provide initial evidence for the processes that drive each of the asymmetries: impression management goals, general knowledge, and copresence.
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