期刊
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 41, 期 5, 页码 723-736出版社
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S0026893307050068
关键词
DNA methylation; carcinogenesis; methylome; CG dinucleotides; CpG islands; methods of DNA methylation profiling; large-scale analysis; high-throughput analysis; DNA microarrays; oligonucleotide microarrays
The genomic DNA methylation pattern (methylome) is a cell epigenetic program that controls the expression of genetic information. The methylation pattern substantially changes in early carcinogenesis. A detailed survey of the methylcytosine distribution in the genome in norm and pathology is of immense importance for a better understanding of the etiology of cancer and its early diagnosis. The techniques available make it possible to simultaneously examine many samples (high-throughput analysis) and to examine large genome loci or even the total methylome (large-scale analysis). The review considers the main trends in the development of new approaches to DNA methylation and describes the techniques most commonly used in the field, their application, and results. Emphasis is placed on the use of various DNA microarrays (oligonucleotide microarrays, BAC arrays, etc.) as a method of choice for epigenetic analysis of tumors. Alternative sequence-based techniques of methylation analysis are discussed. The use of large-scale analysis to identify new epigenetic markers and to develop an epigenetic classification of neoplasms is considered.
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