期刊
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
卷 7, 期 10, 页码 817-823出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nri2163
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The immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) suppresses T-cell responses and promotes immune tolerance in mammalian pregnancy, tumour resistance, chronic infection, autoimmunity and allergic inflammation. 'Reverse signalling' and 'non-canonical activation' of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) characterize the peculiar events that occur in dendritic cells when T-cell-engaged ligands work as signalling receptors and culminate in the induction of IDO expression by dendritic cells in an inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B) kinase-alpha (IKK alpha)-dependent manner. In this Opinion article, we propose that IDO acts as a bridge between dendritic cells and CD4(+) regulatory T cells, and that regulatory T cells use reverse signalling and non-canonical NF-kappa B activation for effector function and self-propagation. This mechanism may also underlie the protective function of glucocorticoids in pathological conditions.
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