Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine deficiency ameliorates renal inflammation and fibrosis in angiotensin hypertension

The matricelhilar protein secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) modulates cell adhesion, proliferation, matrix deposition, and tissue remodeling. SPARC has been shown to regulate the expression of collagen type I and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in mesangial cells and to be highly expressed during tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rat angiotensin (ANG) II infusion models. We hypothesized that SPARC is a downstream effector of ANG II and that loss of host SPARC function provides a protective effect on renal damage and fibrosis associated with ANG U hypertension. Our results revealed that cultured primary mesangial cells displayed a concentration-dependent increase in SPARC expression in response to ANG II. After a 14-day chronic infusion of ANG U, hypertensive SPARC-null mice exhibited significantly attenuated levels of urinary and renal indicators of oxidative stress and inflammation and decreased renal perivascular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis relative to wildtype hypertensive controls. Moreover, the observed renal protective changes in SPARC-null mice were found to be independent of blood pressure. These results identify SPARC as an effector of ANG H signaling and suggest an important role for SPARC in mediating ANG H-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis.