期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 104, 期 41, 页码 16080-16085出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0702451104
关键词
cytoskeleton; kidney; poclocyte; glomerulosclerosis
资金
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL019429, HL19429] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK059588, R01 DK059588-09, T32-DK007527-20, T32 DK007527, R37 DK059588, DK59588, F32-DK074308-01, F32 DK074308] Funding Source: Medline
alpha-Actinin-4 is a widely expressed protein that employs an actinbinding site with two calponin homology domains to crosslink actin filaments (F-actin) in a Ca2+-sensitive manner in vitro. An inherited, late-onset form of kidney failure is caused by point mutations in the alpha-actinin-4 actin-binding domain. Here we show that alpha-actinin-4/F-actin aggregates, observed in vivo in poclocytes of humans and mice with disease, likely form as a direct result of the increased actin-binding affinity of the protein. We document that exposure of a buried actin-binding site 1 in mutant a-actinin-4 causes an increase in its actin-binding affinity, abolishes its Ca2+ regulation in vitro, and diverts its normal localization from actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in vivo. Inactivation of this buried actin-binding site returns the affinity of the mutant to that of the WT protein and abolishes aggregate formation in cells. In vitro, actin filaments crosslinked by the mutant a-actinin-4 exhibit profound changes of structural and biomechanical properties compared with WT a-actinin-4. On a molecular level, our findings elucidate the physiological importance of a dynamic interaction of a-actinin with F-actin in podocytes in vivo. We propose that a conformational change with full exposure of actin-binding site 1 could function as a switch mechanism to regulate the actin-binding affinity of a-actinin and possibly other calponin homology domain proteins under physiological conditions.
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