期刊
CANCER RESEARCH
卷 67, 期 20, 页码 9658-9665出版社
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0290
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资金
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA095777] Funding Source: Medline
The breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 encodes a large protein thought to contribute to a variety of cellular processes, although the critical determinants of BRCA1-deficient tumorigenesis remain unclear. Given that BRCA1 is required for cell proliferation, suppressor mutations are believed to modify BRCA1 phenotypes and contribute to the etiology of BRCA1-deficient tumors. Here, we show that overexpression of the homologous recombinase RAD51 in a DT40 BRCA1(Delta/Delta) mutant rescues defects in proliferation, DNA damage survival, and homologous recombination (HR). In addition, epistasis analysis with BRCA1 and the DNA end-joining factor KU70 indicates that these factors operate independently of one another to repair double-strand breaks. Consistent with this genetic finding, cell synchronization studies show that the ability of BRCA1 to promote radioresistance is restricted to the late S and G(2) phases of the cell cycle, as predicted for genes whose function is specific to homology-mediated repair rather than nonhomologous end-joining. Notably, retrospective analyses of microarray expression data reveal elevated expression of RAD51 and two of its late-acting cofactors, RAD54 and RAD51AP1, in BRCA1-deficient versus sporadic breast tumors. Taken together, our results indicate that upregulation of HR provides a permissive genetic context for cells lacking BRCA1 function by circumventing its requirement in RAD51 sulmuclear assembly. Furthermore, the data support a model in which enhanced HR activity contributes to the etiology of BRCA1-deficient tumors.
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