期刊
AMINO ACIDS
卷 38, 期 2, 页码 491-500出版社
SPRINGER WIEN
DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0408-7
关键词
Hypusine; eIF5A; Posttranslational modification; Polyamine; Deoxyhypusine synthase; Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase; Gene inactivation
资金
- Intramural Research Program of National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
- NIH
- FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo)
- KANAE Foundation
The unusual basic amino acid, hypusine [N-epsilon-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], is a modified lysine with the addition of the 4-aminobutyl moiety from the polyamine spermidine. This naturally occurring amino acid is a product of a unique posttranslational modification that occurs in only one cellular protein, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A, eIF-5A). Hypusine is synthesized exclusively in this protein by two sequential enzymatic steps involving deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH). The deoxyhypusine/hypusine synthetic pathway has evolved in archaea and eukaryotes, and eIF5A, DHS and DOHH are highly conserved suggesting a vital cellular function of eIF5A. Gene disruption and mutation studies in yeast and higher eukaryotes have provided valuable information on the essential nature of eIF5A and the deoxyhypusine/hypusine modification in cell growth and in protein synthesis. In view of the extraordinary specificity and functional significance of hypusine-containing eIF5A in mammalian cell proliferation, eIF5A and the hypusine biosynthetic enzymes are novel potential targets for intervention in aberrant cell proliferation.
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