Fluid temperature and velocity effect on fouling

A wide variety of industrial processes involve the transfer of heat energy between fluids in process equipment. As a result of this energy exchange unwanted deposits accumulate on the process surfaces causing a resistance to energy transfer. These deposits reduce the heat recovery and can restrict fluid flow in the exchanger by narrowing the flow area. Prevention and control of fouling is costly and time consuming. In many situations, fouling can be reduced but not necessarily eliminated. Fouling is a major unresolved problem in heat transfer. In general, the heat exchangers evaluated in this study were exposed to untreated lake water for typical conditions. After the prescribed time period the exchangers were taken off line and evaluated. Conclusions and observations regarding fouling of brazed heat exchangers, exposed to once-through lake water, are presented here. Transient observations and photographs of the exchanger surfaces are given. Results are presented that compare these heat exchangers to test plates, also exposed to lake water. The progressive change of surface appearance with increasing immersion times is presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.