Conditional deletion of activating protein 2α (AP-2α) in the developing retina demonstrates non-cell-autonomous roles for AP-2α in optic cup development

Activating protein 2 alpha (AP-2 alpha) is known to be expressed in the retina, and AP-2 alpha-null mice exhibit defects in the developing optic cup, including patterning of the neural retina (NR) and a replacement of the dorsal retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) with NR. In this study, we analyzed the temporal and spatial retinal expression patterns of AP-2 alpha and created a conditional deletion of AP-2 alpha in the developing retina. AP-2 alpha exhibited a distinct expression pattern in the developing inner nuclear layer of the retina, and colocalization studies indicated that A.P-2 alpha was exclusively expressed in postmitotic amacrine cell populations. Targeted deletion of AP-2 alpha in the developing retina did not result in observable retinal defects. Further examination of AP-2 alpha-null mutants revealed that the severity of the RPE defect was variable and, although defects in retinal lamination occur at later embryonic stages, earlier stages showed normal lamination and expression of markers for amacrine and ganglion cells. Together, these data demonstrate that, whereas AP-2 alpha alone does not play an intrinsic role in retinogenesis, it has non-cell-autonomous effects on optic cup development. Additional expression analyses showed that multiple A-P-2 proteins are present in the developing retina, which will be important to future studies.