期刊
AMERICAN NATURALIST
卷 176, 期 4, 页码 456-464出版社
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/655428
关键词
animal communication; birdsong; Emberiza schoeniclus; environmental change; noise pollution; phenotypic plasticity
资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation [3100A0-100150/1]
- Stiftung Zurcher Tierschutz
- Fachstelle Naturschutz des Kantons Zurich
- Georges und Antoine Claraz-Schenkung
- Ala-Fonds zur Forderung der Feldornithologie
- Ornithologische Gesellschaft Zurich
- Graf Fabrice von Gundlach
- Payne Smith-Stiftung
Many species are currently experiencing anthropogenically driven environmental changes. Among these changes, increasing noise levels are specifically a problem for species relying on acoustic communication. Recent evidence suggests that some species adjust their acoustic signals to man-made noise. However, it is unknown whether these changes occur through short-term and reversible adjustments by behavioral plasticity or through long-term adaptations by evolutionary change. Using behavioral observations and playback experiments, we show that male reed buntings (Emberiza schoeniclus) adjusted their songs immediately, singing at a higher minimum frequency and at a lower rate when noise levels were high. Our data showed that these changes in singing behavior were short-term adjustments of signal characteristics resulting from behavioral plasticity, rather than a long-term adaptation. However, more males remained unpaired at a noisy location than at a quiet location throughout the breeding season. Thus, phenotypic plasticity enables individuals to respond to environmental changes, but whether these short-term adjustments are beneficial remains to be seen.
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