Donors after cardiac death: Validation of identification criteria (DVIC) study for predictors of rapid death

Donation after cardiac death (DCD) is uncommon in part because clinicians cannot prospectively identify patients who are likely to die within 60 min of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments (LST). UNOS criteria exist but have not been validated. Consecutive patients electively withdrawn from LST at five university-affiliated hospitals were prospectively enrolled. Demographic and treatment characteristics were collected. Chi-square was used to determine risk for death within 60 min and validate the UNOS criteria. A total of 533 patients were enrolled. A total of 28 were excluded from this report due to age <18 years or failure to include time of death. Of 505 (95%) patients, 227 (45%) died within 60 min, 134 (27%) in 1-6 h and 144 (29%) >6 h after withdrawal of LST. A total of 29%, 52%, 65% and 82% of patients with 0,1,2 and 3 UNOS DCD criteria, respectively, died within 60 min of withdrawal of LST. The data validate the UNOS criteria. Patients with no criteria might be excluded from consideration for DCD. Those with more than one criterion are reasonable candidates, while those with a single criterion should be considered if a 50% failure rate for DCD is acceptable.