Overexpression of transketolase TKTL1 is associated with shorter survival in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas

Tumorigenesis involves energy production by aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) in malignant tumors. One of the key enzymes is transketolase. Transketolase, transketolase-like-1 (TKTL1), and transketolase-like-2 are known. Antibodies against TKTL1 exist for immunohistochemical investigations. This study investigated the influence of TKTL1 on survival and metastasizing in 40 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs, T2-T4, 27 metastasized). Staining was assessed by an immunoreactive score (IRS) with values from 0 to 12 in primaries and their nodal metastases. The highest IRS was 8. Normal epithelium did not show an expression. Three SCCs were negative. Advanced SCCs had a higher IRS than lower stages. An IRS > 4 was associated with a shorter disease specific survival, independent on the tumor stage in the multivariate analysis. Significant differences between metastasized and non-metastasized SCCs were absent, but poorly differentiated SCCs had a higher IRS in their metastases than moderate differentiated SCCs. TKTL1 overexpression is associated with a more aggressive behavior and shorter survival of laryngeal SCCs. These observations could lead to additional therapeutic options targeting a blocking of the enzyme activity.