Effect of low-level laser therapy on inflammatory reactions during wound healing: Comparison with meloxicam

Objective: This study evaluated the action of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the modulation of inflammatory reactions during wound healing in comparison with meloxicam. Background Data: LLLT has been recommended for the postoperative period because of its ability to speed healing of wounds. However, data in the literature are in disagreement about its anti-inflammatory action. Methods: Standardized circular wounds were made on the backs of 64 Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups according to the selected postoperative therapy: group A-control; group B-administration of meloxicam; and groups C and D-irradiation with red (lambda = 685 nm) and infrared (lambda = 830 nm) laser energy, respectively. The animals were killed at 12, 36, and 72 h and 7 days after the procedure. Results: Microscopic analysis revealed significant vascular activation of irradiated sites in the first 36 h. Only group B showed decreases in the intensity of polymorphonuclear infiltrates and edema. Group D showed a higher degree of organization and maturation of collagen fibers than the other groups at 72 h. The animals in group C showed the best healing pattern at 7 days. The anti-inflammatory action of meloxicam was confirmed by the results obtained in this research. The quantification of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) did not show any reduction in the inflammatory process in the irradiated groups when compared to the other groups. Conclusions: LLLT improves the quality of histologic repair and is useful during wound healing. However, with the methods used in this study the laser energy did not minimize tissue inflammatory reactions.