Synthesis of single-crystalline niobate nanorods via ion-exchange based on molten-salt reaction

A facile ion-exchange approach was developed for the synthesis of single-crystalline sodium and calcium niobates nanorods at a large-scale based on molten-salt reaction between potassium niobate nanowires and molten sodium or calcium chlorides. It is suggested that the formation of sodium and calcium niobate nanorods was a self-sacrificing templated process through ion exchange.