期刊
ONCOGENE
卷 27, 期 1, 页码 76-84出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210624
关键词
c-FLIP; tumor necrosis factor; reactive oxygen species; c-Jun N-terminal kinase; apoptosis; necrosis
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) inhibits cell death through suppression of the caspase cascade, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. To suppress this antiapoptotic function of NF-kappa B might be a promising strategy to increase susceptibility of tumor cells to stress-induced cell death. We have recently shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha induces caspase-dependent and -independent JNK activation and ROS accumulation in cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-Flip)(-/-) murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). To apply this observation to tumor therapy, we knocked down c-FLIP by RNA interference in various tumor cells. Consistent with the results using c-Flip(-/-) MEFs, we found that TNF alpha stimulation induced caspase-dependent prolonged JNK activation and ROS accumulation, followed by apoptotic and necrotic cell death in various tumor cells. Furthermore, TNF alpha and Fas induced the cleavage of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ ERK kinase kinase (MEKK)1, resulting in generation of a constitutive active form of MEKK1 leading to JNK activation in c-FLIP knockdown cells. Given that ROS accumulation and necrotic cell death enhance inflammation followed by compensatory proliferation of tumor cells, selective suppression of caspase-dependent ROS accumulation will be an alternative strategy to protect cells from ROS-dependent DNA damage and compensatory tumor progression.
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