期刊
DEVELOPMENT
卷 135, 期 2, 页码 301-310出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.014829
关键词
HSPG; Ndst; FGF; ERK; branching morphogenesis; lacrimal gland; Ptpn11; mouse
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [CA78606] Funding Source: Medline
- NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY018868, EY017061] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL57345] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R37GM33063] Funding Source: Medline
Preferential outgrowth of the bud cells forms the basis of branching morphogenesis. Here, we show that lacrimal gland development requires specific modification of heparan sulfates by Ndst genes at the tip of the lacrimal gland bud. Systemic and conditional knockout experiments demonstrate the tissue specific requirement of Ndst1 and Ndst2 in the lacrimal gland epithelial, but not mesenchymal, cells, and the functional importance of Ndst1 in Fgf10-Fgfr2b, but not of Fgf1-Fgfr2b, complex formation. Consistent with this, Fgf10-induced ectopic lacrimal gland budding in explant cultures is dependent upon Ndst gene dose, and epithelial deletion of Fgfr2 abolishes lacrimal gland budding, its specific modification of heparan sulfate and its phosphorylation of Shp2 (Ptpn11 - Mouse Genome Informatics). Finally, we show that genetic ablation of Ndst1, Fgfr2 or Shp2 disrupts ERK signaling in lacrimal gland budding. Given the evolutionarily conserved roles of these genes, the localized activation of the Ndst-Fgfr-Shp2 genetic cascade is probably a general regulatory mechanism of FGF signaling in branching morphogenesis.
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