CNS Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

OBJECTIVE. With the worldwide increase in the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), a high level of diligence is required for radiologists to understand HSCT-related complications in the CNS. This article describes the clinical background of HSCT and complications that occur in a time-dependent manner through the course of HSCT and addresses pivotal issues in diagnostic imaging. CONCLUSION. Acknowledging the realm of imaging manifestations and the underlying mechanism of HSCT will enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize treatment decisions.