ON TRUTH, UNCERTAINTY, EQUILIBRIUM AND HARMONY - A TAXONOMY FOR YINYANG SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING

Although modern scientific and technological advances derive computational power primarily from the classical evidence-based bottom-up cognition as founded by Greek philosopher Aristotle in his philosophy of science with a bivalent logic, the classical cognition, however, has met stiff challenges during the last few decades because of uncertainty faced by many new scientific endeavors. The holistic top-down nature of nanotechnology and brain modeling are just two of many examples. This new development points to the need for a critical review of the historical origins and distinctions of both top-down and bottom-up cognitions. This paper reviews the philosophy of science as founded by Aristotle (300BC), the Platonic realism as founded by Aristotle's teacher Plato (400BC-300BC), and the YinYang philosophy as founded by the ancient Chinese philosopher Laozi (or Laotze) (600BC). It is suggested that the long-standing unsettled dispute between Aristotle and Plato features a major source of uncertainty for both logic and mathematics. The authors hence propose a number of controversial philosophical