期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
卷 52, 期 7, 页码 539-550出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ajim.20703
关键词
exposure biomonitoring; insecticides; organophosphorus pesticides; agricultural health; occupational health; farmworker; minority; dialkylphosphates; health disparities
资金
- NIEHS NIH HHS [R01-ES008739, R01 ES008739-10, R01 ES008739] Funding Source: Medline
Background Community Participatory Approach to Measuring Farmworker Pesticide Exposure, PACE3, used a longitudinal design to document pesticide biomarkers among farmworkers. This article presents an overview of PACE3 and provides a descriptive analysis of participant and one set of pesticide biomarkers, the dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolites of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Methods Two hundred eighty seven farmworkers were recruited during 2007 from 44 farmworker camps in 11 eastern North Carolina counties. Participants provided interviews, urine samples, blood samples, and saliva samples up to four times at monthly intervals beginning in May. A total of 939 data points were collected. Results Farmworkers were largely men (91.3%) from Mexico (94.8%) with a mean age of 33.7% years (SE 0.82); 23.3% spoke an indigenous language. Across all data points frequencies of detection and median urinary concentrations were 41.3% and 0.96 mu g/L for dimethylphosphate (DMP). 78.3% and 3.61 mu g/L for dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), 33.3% and 0.04 mu g/L for dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP), 40.5% and 0.87 mu g/L for diethylphosphate (DEP), 32.3% and 0.17 mu g/L for diethylthiophosphate (DETP), and 8.09% and 0.00 mu g/L for diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP). The frequencies of detection and urinary concentrations of the DAP metabolites increased during the season. Conclusions More PACE3 participants were from Mexico, male, migrant workers, and spoke an indigenous language compared to national data, PACE3 participants had comparable frequencies of detection and urinary metabolite concentrations with participants in other studies. Variability in the frequencies of detection and urinary concentrations of the DAP metabolites indicates the importance of longitudinal studies of biomarkers of currently used pesticides in farmworker populations. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:539-550, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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