期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
卷 28, 期 3, 页码 372-379出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu157
关键词
blood pressure; diet patterns; hypertension; protein
资金
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (NHLBI/NIH) [N01-HC-25195]
- Boston University School of Medicine
- American Egg Board/US Department of Agriculture
BACKGROUND Short-term clinical trials suggest that dietary protein lowers blood pressure (BP); however, long-term effects of total, animal, and plant proteins are less clear. Our goal was to evaluate effects of these dietary proteins on mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) and incident high BP (HBP) risk among middle-aged adults in the Framingham Offspring Study. METHODS Men and women (aged 30-54 years) without prevalent HBP, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes with 3-day dietary records from exams 3 or 5 (n = 1,361) were included and followed for a mean of 11.3 years for development of HBP. Protein intakes adjusted for body size were derived using the residual method. Analysis of covariance and Cox proportional hazard's models were used to adjust for age, sex, education, height, activity, smoking, fat calories, diet quality, and body mass index. RESULTS Higher protein intakes were associated with lower mean SBP and DBP. Both animal and plant proteins lowered BP and led to statistically significant reductions in HBP risk (hazard ratios of 0.68 and 0.51, respectively). Participants in the highest tertile of total protein intake had 40% less risk (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.78) of developing HBP. Beneficial effects of protein were apparent for men and women and for normal-weight and overweight individuals. Higher protein diets also characterized by higher fiber intakes led to a 59% reduction (95% CI, 0.37-0.66) in HBP risk. CONCLUSIONS Adults consuming more dietary protein from either plant or animal sources had lower long-term risks of HBP.
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