期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 180, 期 2, 页码 140-152出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu135
关键词
blood; cancer; circulating biomarkers; lung cancer; microRNA; review
资金
- LUNGevity Career Development Award
- National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute's Strategic Partnerships to Evaluate Cancer Signatures II program) [R01DK085714, U01 CA157703]
- US Department of Defense Peer-Reviewed Cancer Research Program [CA100606]
- Canary Foundation
- Laura and John Arnold Foundation
microRNAs (miRNAs) are fundamental to cellular biology. Although only approximately 22 bases long, miRNAs regulate complex processes in health and disease, including human cancer. Because miRNAs are highly stable in circulation when compared with several other classes of nucleic acids, they have generated intense interest as clinical biomarkers in diverse epidemiologic studies. As with other molecular biomarker fields, however, miRNA research has become beleaguered by pitfalls related to terminology and classification; procedural, assay, and study cohort heterogeneity; and methodological inconsistencies. Together, these issues have led to both false-positive and potentially false-negative miRNA associations. In this review, we summarize the biological rationale for studying miRNAs in human disease with a specific focus on circulating miRNAs, which highlight some of the most challenging topics in the field to date. Examples from lung cancer are used to illustrate the potential utility and some of the pitfalls in contemporary miRNA research. Although the field is in its infancy, several important lessons have been learned relating to cohort development, sample preparation, and statistical analysis that should be considered for future studies. The goal of this primer is to equip epidemiologists and clinical researchers with sound principles of study design and analysis when using miRNAs.
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