期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 177, 期 3, 页码 219-227出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws383
关键词
bereavement; pregnancy; stillbirth; stress
资金
- Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research [2010-0092]
- European Research Council (ERC) [260242]
- European Research Council (ERC) [260242] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
Increasing evidence suggests that maternal stress during pregnancy may influence pregnancy outcomes. In a nationwide Swedish study including almost 3 million births taking place during 19732006, we investigated whether maternal bereavement during pregnancy is associated with stillbirth risk. Through individual record linkage between several population-based registers, we obtained information on demographic, health-related, and pregnancy-related factors and deaths of mothers first-degree relatives. There were 11,071 stillbirths (3.8 per 1,000 births) in the cohort. After adjustment for potential confounders, infants of mothers who had lost any first-degree relative the year before or during pregnancy had an 18 higher risk of stillbirth than unexposed offspring (95 confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.31). Corresponding hazard ratios were 1.67 (95 CI: 1.18, 2.36) for maternal loss of an older child, 2.06 (95 CI: 1.44, 2.94) for loss of a sibling, and 1.07 (95 CI: 0.95, 1.21) for loss of a parent. The relationship between maternal bereavement and stillbirth did not vary by time of death or by whether the relatives death was expected or unexpected. Death of a close relative is one of the most severe sources of stress, and future studies need to investigate whether less severe but more common stressors also increase stillbirth risk.
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