期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 178, 期 6, 页码 928-936出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt076
关键词
blood pressure; breastfeeding; child; cohort studies; socioeconomic position
资金
- Health Care and Promotion Fund (HCPF)
- Health and Welfare Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HCPF) [216106]
- Health and Health Services Research Fund (HHSRF) [03040771]
- University Research Committee Strategic Research Theme of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
- HHSRF, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [07080841, 07080751]
Observationally, breastfeeding is associated with lower blood pressure in Western developed settings, whereas little association exists in developing settings. However, postnatal characteristics (e. g., breast milk substitutes, infection rates, underweight, and pubertal timing) differ between these settings. We examined the association of breastfeeding with blood pressure at similar to 13 years, using multivariable linear regression, in 5,247 term births in 1997 from a population-representative Hong Kong Chinese birth cohort where socioeconomic patterning of breastfeeding differs from that of Western and developing settings but standard of living, social infrastructure, and postnatal characteristics are similar to those of Western settings. Higher education is associated with short-term breastfeeding but recent migration with longer-term breastfeeding. Compared with never breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding for >= 3 months was not associated with blood pressure (systolic mean difference = 0.82 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.46, 2.11 and diastolic mean difference = 0.49 mm Hg, 95% CI: -0.22, 1.21), nor was partial breastfeeding for any length of time or exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (systolic mean difference = 0.01 mm Hg, 95% CI: -0.64, 0.66 and diastolic mean difference = 0.16 mm Hg, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.52), adjusted for socioeconomic position and infant characteristics. Lack of association in a non-Western developed setting further suggests that observations concerning breastfeeding and blood pressure vary with setting, thereby casting doubt on causality.
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