期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 98, 期 3, 页码 641-647出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.064113
关键词
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资金
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Bethesda, MD) [K24DK082730]
- National Institute of Mental Health (Bethesda, MD) [R01MH80729]
- National Center for Research Resources (Bethesda, MA) [UL1 RR025758-01]
- Pediatric Endocrine Society
- Endocrine Fellows Foundation (Washington, DC)
- New Balance Foundation (Boston, MA)
Background: Qualitative aspects of diet influence eating behavior, but the physiologic mechanisms for these calorie-independent effects remain speculative. Objective: We examined effects of the glycemic index (GI) on brain activity in the late postprandial period after a typical intermeal interval. Design: With the use of a randomized, blinded, crossover design, 12 overweight or obese men aged 18-35 y consumed high- and low-GI meals controlled for calories, macronutrients, and palatability on 2 occasions. The primary outcome was cerebral blood flow as a measure of resting brain activity, which was assessed by using arterial spin-labeling functional magnetic resonance imaging 4 h after test meals. We hypothesized that brain activity would be greater after the high-GI meal in prespecified regions involved in eating behavior, reward, and craving. Results: Incremental venous plasma glucose (2-h area under the curve) was 2.4-fold greater after the high- than the low-GI meal (P = 0.0001). Plasma glucose was lower (mean +/- SE: 4.7 +/- 0.14 compared with 5.3 +/- 0.16 mmol/L; P = 0.005) and reported hunger was greater (P = 0.04) 4 h after the high- than the low-GI meal. At this time, the high-GI meal elicited greater brain activity centered in the right nucleus accumbens (a prespecified area; P = 0.0006 with adjustment for multiple comparisons) that spread to other areas of the right striatum and to the olfactory area. Conclusions: Compared with an isocaloric low-GI meal, a high-GI meal decreased plasma glucose, increased hunger, and selectively stimulated brain regions associated with reward and craving in the late postprandial period, which is a time with special significance to eating behavior at the next meal. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01064778.
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