期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 99, 期 3, 页码 506-516出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.067421
关键词
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资金
- European Community [EU- FP7-HEALTH-2009-single-stage-241604]
- Special Research Account of University of Crete
- Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development and Nutricia Research
- Danish Council for Strategic Research [09-067124]
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- Danish Heart Association
- Danish Medical Research Council
- Sygekassemes Helsefond
- Danish National Research Foundation
- Danish Pharmaceutical Association
- Ministry of Health
- National Board of Health
- Statens Serum Institut
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicate
- French Ministry of Research: IFR program
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicate Nutrition Research program
- French Ministry of Health Perinatality Program
- French Agency for Environment security
- French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance
- Paris-Sud University,
- French National Institute for Health Education, Nestle
- Mutuelle Genarale de l'Education Nationale
- French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (Alfediam)
- National Agency for Research
- MRC [MC_UP_A620_1017] Funding Source: UKRI
- British Heart Foundation [RG/07/009/23120] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MC_UP_A620_1017] Funding Source: researchfish
Background: Fish is a rich source of essential nutrients for fetal development, but in contrast, it is also a well-known route of exposure to environmental pollutants. Objective: We assessed whether fish intake during pregnancy is associated with fetal growth and the length of gestation in a panel of European birth cohort studies. Design: The study sample of 151,880 mother-child pairs was derived from 19 population-based European birth cohort studies. Individual data from cohorts were pooled and harmonized. Adjusted cohort-specific effect estimates were combined by using a random-and fixed-effects meta-analysis. Results: Women who ate fish >1 time/wk during pregnancy had lower risk of preterm birth than did women who rarely ate fish (<= 1 time/wk); the adjusted RR of fish intake >1 but <3 times/wk was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.92), and for intake >= 3 times/wk, the adjusted RR was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.96). Women with a higher intake of fish during pregnancy gave birth to neonates with a higher birth weight by 8.9 g (95% CI: 3.3, 14.6 g) for >1 but <3 times/wk and 15.2 g (95% CI: 8.9, 21.5 g) for >= 3 times/wk independent of gestational age. The association was greater in smokers and in overweight or obese women. Findings were consistent across cohorts. Conclusion: This large, international study indicates that moderate fish intake during pregnancy is associated with lower risk of preterm birth and a small but significant increase in birth weight.
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