期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
卷 79, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.79.033623
关键词
acoustic wave velocity; Bose-Einstein condensation; convection; Mach number; perturbation theory; solitons; superfluid helium-4; supersonic flow
资金
- RFFI (Russia)
- NSF [NSF-DMS-0619492, NSF-DMS-0806762]
- German-Israel Foundation [149/2006]
Generation of wave structures by a two-dimensional (2D) object (laser beam) moving in a 2D two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with a velocity greater than the two sound velocities of the mixture is studied by means of analytical methods and systematic simulations of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The wave pattern features three regions separated by two Mach cones. Two branches of linear patterns similar to the so-called ship waves are located outside the corresponding Mach cones, and oblique dark solitons are found inside the wider cone. An analytical theory is developed for the linear patterns. A particular dark-soliton solution is also obtained, its stability is investigated, and two unstable modes of transverse perturbations are identified. It is shown that for a sufficiently large flow velocity, this instability has a convective character in the reference frame attached to the moving body, which makes the dark soliton effectively stable. The analytical findings are corroborated by numerical simulations.
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