期刊
INFANT BEHAVIOR & DEVELOPMENT
卷 32, 期 2, 页码 230-233出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2008.12.004
关键词
Problem-solving; Planning; Tool use; Self-directed action; Externally directed action; Goal-directed behaviors
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD27714, R37 HD027714-21, R37 HD027714] Funding Source: Medline
Toddlers grasp a tool more effectively when it is self-directed (e.g., spoon) than other-directed (e.g., hammer), possibly because the consequences of self-directed actions are more obvious. When the negative consequences of an inefficient grip were made equally salient, the self-directed versus other-directed differences remained. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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