期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
卷 79, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.79.043621
关键词
atom-photon collisions; fermion systems; optical lattices
资金
- U.S. NSF [DMR-0547875]
- ONR [ONR-N000140610122]
- National Science Foundation of China [10704017]
We propose a scheme to simulate and observe massless Dirac fermions with cold atoms in a square optical lattice. A U(1) adiabatic phase is created by two laser beams for the tunneling of atoms between neighbor lattice sites. Properly adjusting the tunneling phase, we find that the energy spectrum has conical points in per Brillouin zone where band crossing occurs. Near these crossing points the quasiparticles and quasiholes can be considered as massless Dirac fermions. Furthermore, the anisotropic effects of massless Dirac fermions are obtained in the present square lattice model. The Dirac fermions as well as the anisotropic behaviors realized in our system can be experimentally detected with the Bragg spectroscopy technique.
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