期刊
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
卷 38, 期 3, 页码 871-878出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/acer.12284
关键词
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Nutrition; Abnormal Feeding; Pediatric Obesity; Vitamin D; Choline
资金
- NIH [P30 HD03352]
- Northrop Grumman Information Technology through the FASD Center for Excellence
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services through the Wisconsin FASD Treatment Outreach Project
BackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a leading cause of significant neurobehavioral and neurocognitive deficits. Its potential consequences for eating behaviors, nutritional status, and other nutritional issues in childhood have received little attention. MethodsNineteen children (11 boys, 8 girls) of mean age 9.6years, referred for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) screening and assessment, were analyzed with physical exams and caregiver questionnaires to identify possible abnormalities in food and eating behaviors. Fourteen children contributed 24-hour diet recalls and were assessed for nutritional status. ResultsSeventy-nine percent of participants were diagnosed with FASD and 63.2% had confirmed PAE. Fifty percent of girls were overweight or obese, whereas 37% of boys had reduced stature, weight, or body mass index for their age. Recurring feeding problems included constant snacking (36.8%), lack of satiety (26.3%), and picky eating/poor appetite (31.6%). None had oral feeding problems. Constipation was common (26.3%). Macronutrient intakes were largely normal, but sugar consumption was excessive (140 to 190% of recommendations) in 57% of subjects. Vitamin A intake exceeded the upper limit for 64% of participants, whereas 50% had intakes <80% of recommended daily allowances (RDAs) for choline, vitamin E, potassium, -carotene, and essential fatty acids; 100% had vitamin D intakes <80% of the RDA. ConclusionsPAE may be associated with altered acquisition and distribution of body mass with increasing age. Disordered eating was common. The increased feeding behaviors surrounding lack of satiety suggest that self-regulation may be altered. Constipation could reflect low dietary fiber or altered gastrointestinal function. These exploratory data suggest that children with PAE may be at risk for nutritional deficiencies, which are influenced by inappropriate food preferences, disordered eating patterns, medication use, and the stressful dynamics surrounding food preparation and mealtime.
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