期刊
MARINE POLICY
卷 33, 期 4, 页码 599-605出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2008.12.005
关键词
Marine protected areas; China; Governance; Decentralisation; Protected-area management category
Since the 1980s, there have been continuous increases in the coverage of marine protected areas (MPAs) in China, and a total of 158 MPAs have been declared. The MPA system in China is characterized by (1) decentralised designation and management with reduced control from the central government; (2) a dominance of de jure fully protected MPAs that are often implemented as de facto multiple-use areas; and (3) a lack of objective evaluation processes. To improve China's MPA system requires ail appropriate integration of fully protected and multiple-use MPAs, and an approach that balances the advantages of top-down and bottom-up approaches. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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