期刊
AIDS
卷 24, 期 15, 页码 2381-2390出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833dfc68
关键词
antiretroviral therapy; glucocorticoids; HIV; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; IRIS; prednisone; tuberculosis
资金
- Medical Research Council of South Africa
- Wellcome Trust [072070, 081667, 084670]
- EDCTP
- Fogarty International Center [U2RTW007370]
- NIH [U2RTW007370, NIH/FIC 1U2RTW007373-01A1]
- United States Agency for International Development
- PEPFAR via the Perinatal HIV Research Unit
- Medical Research Council [MC_U117588499] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MC_U117588499] Funding Source: UKRI
Objective: Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a frequent complication of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited countries. We aimed to assess whether a 4-week course of prednisone would reduce morbidity in patients with paradoxical TB-IRIS without excess adverse events. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of prednisone (1.5 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks then 0.75 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks). Patients with immediately life-threatening TB-IRIS manifestations were excluded. Methods: The primary combined endpoint was days of hospitalization and outpatient therapeutic procedures, which were counted as one hospital day. Results: One hundred and ten participants were enrolled (55 to each arm). The primary combined endpoint was more frequent in the placebo than the prednisone arm {median hospital days 3 [interquartile range (IQR) 0-9] and 0 (IQR 0-3), respectively; P = 0.04}. There were significantly greater improvements in symptoms, Karnofsky score, and quality of life (MOS-HIV) in the prednisone vs. the placebo arm at 2 and 4 weeks, but not at later time points. Chest radiographs improved significantly more in the prednisone arm at weeks 2 (P = 0.002) and 4 (P = 0.02). Infections on study medication occurred in more participants in prednisone than in placebo arm (27 vs. 17, respectively; P = 0.05), but there was no difference in severe infections (2 vs. 4, respectively; P = 0.40). Isolates from 10 participants were found to be resistant to rifampicin after enrolment. Conclusion: Prednisone reduced the need for hospitalization and therapeutic procedures and hastened improvements in symptoms, performance, and quality of life. It is important to investigate for drug-resistant tuberculosis and other causes for deterioration before administering glucocorticoids. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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