期刊
TOPICS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE
卷 1, 期 4, 页码 651-674出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2009.01046.x
关键词
Collective and individual choice behavior; Imitation; Social sampling; Decision making
资金
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Research On Learning [GRANTS:13930316, 0910218] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NIMH NIH HHS [TM32 MH019879-12] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [R305H050116] Funding Source: Medline
We examine the interdependence between individual and group behavior surrounding a somewhat arbitrary, real-world decision: selecting a name for one's child. Using a historical database of the names given to children over the last century in the United States, we find that naming choices are influenced by both the frequency of a name in the general population, and by its momentum in the recent past in the sense that names which are growing in popularity are preferentially chosen. This bias toward rising names is a recent phenomena: In the early part of the 20th century, increasing popularity of a name from one time period to the next correlated with a decrease in future popularity. However, more recently this trend has reversed. We evaluate a number of formal models that detail how individual decision-making strategies, played out in a large population of interacting agents, can explain these empirical observations. We argue that cognitive capacities for change detection, the encoding of frequency in memory, and biases toward novel or incongruous stimuli may interact with the behavior of other decision makers to determine the distribution and dynamics of cultural tokens such as names.
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