Altering the Thermodynamics of Phase Separation in Inverted Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

Organic solar cells: by incorporating nonvolatile additives into blends of P3HT:PCBM, the efficiencies of inverted bulk-heterojunction solar cells are improved almost twofold (see figure). These additives selectively partition into the P3HT phase, effectively increasing phase separation between the P3HT and PCBM.