Highly Efficient Fluorescence of NdF3/SiO2 Core/Shell Nanoparticles and the Applications for in vivo NIR Detection

NdF3/SiO2 nanoparticles demonstrate highly efficient fluorescence due to successful suppressions of concentration quenching and surface quenching. More interestingly, their excitation and emission peaks with large frequency separation are both in the near infrared optical window of biotissues. In living animal studies, the detecting depth can reach 1 cm by using a small dose of such nanomaterials.