期刊
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
卷 24, 期 3, 页码 346-355出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201301686
关键词
antibacterials; hyperbranched; polyurea; polyethyleneimine; quaternary ammonium; atomic force microscopy
类别
资金
- STW [GPC 7844]
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials under the Bonus Incentive Scheme (BIS) of the Netherlands' Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture.
Quaternary-ammonium-compounds are potent cationic antimicrobials used in everyday consumer products. Surface-immobilized, quaternary-ammonium-compounds create an antimicrobial contact-killing coating. We describe the preparation of a shape-adaptive, contact-killing coating by tethering quaternary-ammonium-compounds onto hyperbranched polyurea coatings, able to kill adhering bacteria by partially enveloping them. Even after extensive washing, coatings caused high contact-killing of Staphylococcus epidermidis, both in culture-based assays and through confocal-laser-scanning-microscopic examination of the membrane-damage of adhering bacteria. In culture-based assays, at a challenge of 1600 CFU/cm(2), contact-killing was >99.99%. The working-mechanism of dissolved quaternary-ammonium-compounds is based on their interdigitation in bacterial membranes, but it is difficult to envisage how immobilized quaternary-ammonium-molecules can exert such a mechanism of action. Staphylococcal adhesion forces to hyperbranched quaternary-ammonium coatings were extremely high, indicating that quaternary-ammonium-molecules on hyperbranched polyurea partially envelope adhering bacteria upon contact. These lethally strong adhesion forces upon adhering bacteria then cause removal of membrane lipids and eventually lead to bacterial death.
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